albimanus (i) male and female flight tones (ii) male–female precopulatory acoustic interactions under tethered and free flight conditions and (iii) male-male acoustic interactions during free flight. albimanus precopulatory acoustic behaviors have not been described to date. The importance of sound in precopulatory interactions has been demonstrated in Toxorhynchites brevipalpis, Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles gambiae convergence in a shared harmonic of the wing beat frequency (WBF) during courtship is thought to increase the chance of copulation. Acoustics play important roles in mosquito communication, where flight tones allow males to detect and attract potential mates. albimanus precopulatory mating behaviors are unknown. Anopheles albimanus is a malaria vector in Central America, northern South America and the Caribbean.
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